Upgrading Your Detached Garage for a Level 2 EV Charger: A Case Study
When a recent homeowner reached out to Gladiator Electric about installing a Level 2 EV charger in their detached garage, they expected it to be a straightforward task. Like many homeowners, they assumed their existing garage electrical setup, which powers a few lights and outlets, could handle the increased demand for a Level 2 charger. However, after a thorough inspection, it became clear that their garage’s electrical system needed a significant upgrade to safely support EV charging—as with the case of almost all garages.
One of the first things I explained to the customer was the potential risks of assuming the existing wiring was sufficient. Detached garages, especially older ones, (this particular one was built decades ago) were often designed for minimal electrical loads—basic lighting and a few outlets—not the substantial power requirements of EV chargers. Attempting to use an outdated electrical system without upgrades could lead to circuit overloads, damaged wiring, or even electrical fires.
Meeting Level 2 Charger Requirements
To begin the project, I walked the client through the specific requirements for installing a Level 2 EV charger. Their garage needed a dedicated power line from the main electrical panel in the house. Given the distance between the house and garage, this required trenching through their driveway and lawn to lay new wiring. Additionally, the garage’s subpanel needed to be upgraded to handle the higher voltage and amperage required by the charger. The wiring needed to comply with the National Electrical Code which regulates installations like grounding rods, disconnect switches, and proper breaker sizing. Adhering to these standards is critical for maintaining both safety and functionality.
In this case, we had to look to article 250.32 of the Code which outlines the rules for grounding detached structures like garages. The basic rule requires bonding all grounding electrodes, installed, as per Part III, at the building or structure supplied by a feeder or branch circuit. This forms the grounding electrode system and ensures the proper installation of a grounding electrode conductor.
However, there is an exception to Section 250.32(A) that simplifies the requirements for small detached structures, such as a residential garage with one lighting outlet and a receptacle. In cases where only a single branch circuit supplies the structure, and an equipment grounding conductor is included, a separate grounding electrode system and grounding electrode conductor are not required. This exception is important for homeowners to know about who have basic electrical setups, but it does not apply to projects involving advanced systems like a Level 2 EV charger.
In this case, because we were upgrading the system to accommodate an EV charger, grounding rods were required. These 8-foot-long metal rods are driven into the earth, connected by wires, and bonded to the equipment grounding electrode of the EV charging circuit. This ensures the system has a reliable grounding path to protect against electrical faults.
In general, depending how far away the garage is from the house, it will require trenching from the exterior wall of the house to the exterior wall of the garage. If there are pavers or a driveway in the way, it will require cutting or lifting up the pavers. A trench below grass or a walkway only needs to be about 19 inches deep, whereas under a driveway it would need to be 25 inches. As a general rule, the further the house is away from the garage, the more expensive it will be. Unfortunately, copper wire does not come cheap and can quickly add up.
The Role of Grounding Rods and Disconnect Switches
We also installed a disconnect switch, which provides an accessible way to cut power in case of emergencies. This is required for any detached structure. Positioned near the EV charger, the switch complies with NEC standards, ensuring it can handle the full load of the charger and remain functional even in adverse weather conditions. A lesser-known benefit of a disconnect switch is its role in preventing wear and tear on the charger. By quickly cutting power when the system isn’t in use for extended periods, the switch helps extend the lifespan of the equipment, which adds value to the installation.
Executing the Upgrade: Modernizing the Detached Garage
Once we outlined the plan, my team got to work. We carefully trenched from the house to the garage. We laid conduits at a depth that met code requirements and installed the necessary grounding rods and a disconnect switch for safety.
During the process, I kept the client informed about the progress and explained how each step contributed to a safe, efficient, and code-compliant system. By the time the installation was complete, their garage was equipped to handle the demands of a Level 2 EV charger without any risk of overload or hazards.
The results were immediately noticeable. The client’s EV charger now operates at peak efficiency, cutting charging times significantly. More importantly, they now have peace of mind knowing their setup is safe, compliant, and futureproofed for additional upgrades.
I also highlighted how these upgrades opened doors for other improvements in the garage, such as adding new outlets or powering additional equipment, thanks to the enhanced electrical capacity.
Why Professional Installation Is Worth It
For homeowners considering a similar project, I always emphasize the importance of consulting with a professional electrician. Installing a Level 2 EV charger is more than just connecting wires—it’s about ensuring safety, compliance, and long-term reliability. By following NEC guidelines and using the right materials and techniques, you can enjoy the benefits of fast, efficient EV charging without any added risks.
I also recommend planning ahead. With EV adoption on the rise, having a robust electrical system in place will increase your home’s value and make future upgrades easier. For example, if you plan to add a second EV charger or install solar panels, an upgraded system will already be prepared to handle the additional load.
Why Upgrade to a Level 2 EV Charger?
Upgrading to a Level 2 EV charger offers significant benefits that go far beyond just faster charging times. For electric vehicle owners, this upgrade is an investment in convenience, safety, and long-term savings.
One of the most obvious advantages of a Level 2 EV charger is its speed. Operating at 240 volts, it charges an electric vehicle up to five times faster than a standard Level 1 charger, which uses a standard 120-volt outlet. With a faster charger, you eliminate the stress of waiting hours for your car to recharge, especially during tight schedules. Level 2 chargers are also more energy-efficient than Level 1. By charging at a higher voltage, they minimize energy loss during the charging process, reducing your electricity costs over time.
Lastly, as the popularity of electric vehicles grows, many households are transitioning to owning more than one EV. A Level 2 charger is designed to handle the increased demand, making it a futureproof investment. With the right electrical setup, you should be able to easily add a second charger or upgrade to a higher-capacity charger down the line without needing another major electrical overhaul.
Last Thoughts OnUpgrading Your Detached Garage for a Level 2 EV Charger
If you’re thinking about installing a Level 2 EV charger in your garage, reach out to my team at Gladiator Electric. We are certified, licensed electricians who can evaluate your current setup and give you a couple of options on how to proceed. A professional approach ensures your system is safe, efficient, and compliant with regulations, allowing you to enjoy all the perks of owning an EV without any safety concerns.
When it comes to electrical upgrades, remember that cutting corners costs more in the long run. With the right team, you can transform your detached garage into a safe, modern, and future-ready space that meets all your EV charging needs.
Mike has been in the industry since 2000 and is the owner of Gladiator Electric. After working for local Bergen County established electrical contractors and completing a 5 year state-sanctioned apprenticeship program, Mike become a foreman for a large company where he remained for over a decade. As an accomplished Martial artist in Brazilian jiu jitsu , Muay Thai & boxing Mike has learned focus, tolerance, fairness, humbleness, discipline and personal growth.
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